Maldivian Seafaring in the Pre-Portuguese Period
| Author(s) | Mohammed, Naseema |
|---|---|
| Title | Maldivian Seafaring in the Pre-Portuguese Period |
| Publication Type | Others |
| Language | eng |
| Location | Maldives |
| Keywords | Seafaring Tradition Maldives Fishing Trade |
| Relevance to ICH Safeguarding | documentation transmission transmission identification education |
| Description |
The document "Maldivian Seafaring in the Pre-Portuguese Period" by Naseema Mohamed discusses the rich tradition of seafaring in the Maldives, highlighting its significance in the island nation's survival and development over the centuries. The Maldives, comprising around 1,192 islands, is a country dominated by the sea, with only a small portion of land. This geographical reality shaped the people’s deep connection with the ocean, fostering a culture centered around maritime skills. Historically, the Maldives has been known for its maritime expertise. From the arrival of the first settlers over 2,500 years ago, who are believed to have come from the Indian subcontinent, the Maldivians quickly adapted to the sea. The islanders mastered the monsoon winds, using the northeast and southwest winds to facilitate trade and travel across the Indian Ocean. By the fourth century, they had developed advanced seafaring knowledge, enabling them to undertake long voyages and establish trade routes. Key exports like cowries, coir rope, fish, tortoise shells, and ambergris played a major role in their economy. The Maldives' navigational prowess also led to regular trading interactions with foreign lands. Foreign records, such as writings by Roman, Chinese, Arab, and Persian travelers, document the Maldives’ seafaring activities. Notable mentions include voyages to China, India, Rome, and even distant regions like the east coast of Africa. These interactions highlight the Maldivians’ role in the broader Indian Ocean trade network. The boat-building tradition, particularly the creation of the Dhoani (a versatile boat used for various purposes such as fishing and travel) was unique to the Maldives. These boats were traditionally made by tying coconut wood planks together with rope, and they were known for their durability. This shipbuilding technique remained unchanged until the Portuguese arrival in the 16th century. Maldivians also developed the skill of navigation, which was vital for their long-distance voyages. They used simple tools like the compass and the astrolabe, which were later introduced to the region. Their knowledge of the monsoon winds allowed them to make regular journeys, and they established contacts with traders from India, Africa, Arabia, and even China. The document also references archaeological evidence of trade and interactions with foreign countries. Roman and Byzantine coins found on Maldivian islands, as well as pottery from India and China, provide proof of the longstanding maritime trade connections. Additionally, cowries, which were used as currency in various regions, further exemplify the Maldives' economic engagement with the broader world. In conclusion, the seafaring tradition of the Maldives was not only crucial for its survival but also helped it integrate into the vast trade networks of the Indian Ocean. The document emphasizes that the islanders’ maritime skills, trade, and shipbuilding expertise were central to the development of Maldivian society, with a lasting impact on the country’s cultural and economic history. |
| Publisher | The National Centre for Linguistic and Historical Research |
| Place of Publication | Male', Maldives |
| Date of Publication | 2005 |
| Access URL | http://qaumiyyath.gov.mv/docs/whitepapers/history/seafaring.pdf |
| Academic Field | Cultural studies Social practice |
| Community/Ethnic Group | Maldivian seafarers |
| Contributor | National Centre for Cultural Heritage |
| Active Contribution | Maldives, FY 2024 |
| Data Collection Project | |