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Description
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In this article, for the first time, game folklore ritual games are the subject of special study, their distinctive features from other types of games have been analyzed. Based on the statements of domestic and foreign scientists in relation to game folklore, new conclusions on ritual games have been summarized. The concept of "Game", in the course of its development, has undergone various changes in connection with ancient rituals and religious ceremonies, and as a result formed as a separate channel. The ritual is a complex structure, the essence of the concept of which, as a scientific term, includes the history and the path of development of human knowledge as a whole. In game folklore, in particular in ritual games, the centuries-old life experience and upbringing of the people are concentrated. In this regard, the manifestation of ancient ritual patterns in ritual games is diverse. One of the features of ritual games is the performance of rituals at certain stages of a person's life, such as the birth of a child, seeing off the bride, wedding, seeing off the deceased to another world and treating the sick person. The medical game of the shaman, which is analyzed in the article, belongs to the group of ritual games, but his gestures, words and voice during the game are aimed at conquering the mysterious world, which is based on the ancient knowledge of the patron spirit. Ritual games in the kyz uzatu rituals (seeing off the bride) and wedding actions are played out as part of family rituals that have been formed over the centuries and symbolize the joyful moments of human life. In this regard, the originality of ritual games which is characteristic feature of family rituals is determined and the meaning of ritual laughter in the game is revealed. The article describes in detail the essence of the ritual and the origin of games based on the examples of the analysis: the essence of ritual signs ("Sokyr teke"), the role of mythological images (in modern children's game "Shymbike"), fundamental changes in ancient knowledge ("Altybakan"), teaching children to recognize rituals (“Mondanak”). In addition, the article revealed that the calendar-ritual ritual games have undergone significant changes, to date, the form and essence of the games have not been preserved. Conclusions about the specificity of the types of participants and the belonging of the ritual and games to time and space were made.
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