Kazakh battle axes in XVIII–XIX centuries in pictorial sources

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Author(s)

en Bobrov, Leonid Aleksandrovich

en Pronin, Alexey Olegovich

Бобров, Леонид Александрович

Пронин, Алексей Олегович

Title

Kazakh battle axes in XVIII–XIX centuries in pictorial sources

Alternative Title

Казахские боевые топоры в изобразительных источниках XVIII-XIX веков

Publication Type

Journal Article

Language

rus

Number of Pages

8

Location

Russia

Keywords

axes

weapons

visual sources

Relevance to ICH Safeguarding

identification

documentation

definition

awareness raising

ICH Genre

traditional craftsmanship

Description

Battle axes ("Jackan," "Balta," "aybalta") are an important part of the arms and armor complex of Kazakh nomads during the late Middle Ages and early New Age. Among no other steppe people (except, perhaps, Kirghiz people) battle axes were not so popular and not spread so widely. "Socalled cavalry" axes with long (about a meter) handle became a "visiting card" of the Kazakh weapons complex of XVIII – early XIX centuries. The exceptional popularity of this type of weapon among Kazakh nomads caused widespread of armor among their main opponents: Uzbeks and Kazakhs Oirats (Jungars, Volga Kalmyks). Under these conditions, battle axes, along with lances and muskets, performed the role of "armor-piercing" weapons designed to destroy enemy's heavily armored warriors. After armor were replaced from a wide spreaded military items (since the second half of the XVIII century), Kazakhs continued to use battle axes as an effective melee weapon. Another reason for the popularity of battle-axes among Kazakh nomads was the fact that axes itself were very resource intensive and relatively not expensive weapon that allowed to organize mass production of such items directly in the steppe encampments. A research of Kazakh battle-axes are possible only on a comprehensive analysis of real, visual and written sources.

Book/Journal Title

en NGU Bulletin. History, Phylology

Вестник НГУ. История, филология

Publisher

Novosibirsk State University

Place of Publication

Novosibirsk, Russia

Date of Publication

2014

Volume

13

Issue

5

Pages

255-262

ISSN

1818 - 7919

Academic Field

Cultural Studies

Contributor

Kazakhstan National Committee for Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage

Active Contribution

Kazakhstan, FY 2023